Етіопатогенетичні чинники появи денного та нічного бруксизму у дітей і дорослих, методи їх діагностики та лікування

О. А. Канюра; Б. М. Мельник

doi:10.64124/DMR-2025-1-20

Authors

A. Kaniura O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6926-6283
B. M. Melnyk O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-8181

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64124/DMR-2025-1-20

Keywords:

awake bruxism, sleep bruxism, dentofacial apparatus, temporomandibular joint, gnathological treatment

Abstract

Relevance. Bruxism is considered one of the most destructive types of parafunctional activity of the dento-mandibular system for teeth. Modern studies confirm the relationship between bruxism and the occurrence of temporomandibular joint disorders. Bruxism can lead to a number of adverse consequences, such as destruction of hard tissues of the teeth, irreversible lesions of the temporomandibular joint, the occurrence of severe pain syndrome, headaches, etc. Such consequences inevitably lead to a decrease in life activity and quality of life of patients.
Aim: this article provides a comprehensive analysis of modern medical literature on the etiopathogenetic factors of bruxism, differential diagnosis of awake and sleep bruxism, confirm or deny the feasibility of using the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB) and describes modern methods of diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusions. During the study, it was found that stress and psychological disorders of patients play a major role in the occurrence of bruxism. Also, the cause of the occurrence of this disease can be heredity and the psycho-social status of the patient. It has been proven that sleep bruxism is defined as chewing muscle activity during sleep, which is rhythmic or arhythmic and is not a movement disorder or sleep disorder in another case. While awake, bruxism is the activity of chewing muscles during wakefulness, which is characterized by repeated or prolonged contact of the teeth and is not a movement disorder in healthy people. The feasibility of using the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB) in everyday dental practice has been confirmed, but it still requires additional improvements and testing. An analysis of the scientific literature confirmed the presence of a significant list of methods for treating bruxism, but there is no unequivocal experimental evidence of their effectiveness.

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